Glossary

The following is a glossary of domain-specific terms used in Trident. Each term is listed in English along with its Norwegian translation, followed by it’s definition.

Term	Norwegian term	Description
Bypass	Forbitapping	The deliberate release of water from a reservoir along a path without hydro power production.
CO² Eqivalent	CO²-ekvivalent	A proxy metric which represents the greenhouse effect impact of a fuel type.
CO² fees	CO²-avgift	Fees applied for emissions, as measured in CO² Eqivalents.
Concave PQ curve	Konkavisert PQ-kurve	A concave version of a power plant’s PQ curve, needed for LP modeling.
Discharge	Driftsvannføring	The release of water into a hydro plant, and subsequent downstream release.
Energy coefficient	Energikoeffisient	A coefficient to calculate the power produced from a unit of fuel.
Excess power	Flomkraft	Excess power modelled as the sale of excess power in the market model.
Excess power capacity	Flomkraftkapasitet	The maximum capacity of excess power in the market model.
Excess power cost	Flomkraftpris	The cost of excess power in the market model.
Exchange	Utveksling	Purchase and sales of electric power in the power market.
Fuel fees	Drivstoffavgift	Additional fees for fuel.
Fuel prices	Drivstoffpriser	The purchase price of fuel.
Fuel type	Drivstofftype	The type of fuel used at a thermal power plant.
Head	Vannivå	The current elevation of the surface of the water at a reservoir.
Hydraulic head	Fallhøyde	The relative elevation of the water at the inflow and the tailrace.
Hydro balance	Vannbalanse	An accounting of volume, inflow and outflow used to model the physics of a watercourse.
Hydropower plant	Vannkraftstasjon	A power plant that generates electric power from waterflow.
Hydropower production	Vannkraftproduksjon	The production of power at a hydro plant.
Inflow	Tilsig	Inflow into a reservoir.
Inlet	Inntak	A place where water flows from a reservoir into a hydro plant.
Junction	Knutepunkt	A point connecting more than two waterways.
Load	Last	The consumption of electric power in an area.
Load balance	Lastbalanse	An accounting of power poduction, consumption and transmission, e.g. in a power grid area.
Load segment	Dellast	Load that is tied to a specific user group. E.g. certain industries. .
Load type	Lasttype	A specific type in the division of the load in an area.
Market step	Markedssteg, Preferansetrinn, utkoplbare kontrakter, spot-type kontrakter eller prisavhengige kontrakter	A discrete model prioritized segmentation in the power market in an area. In market models, one market step is satisfied before another.
Nominal head	Nominelt vannivå	A nominal value for a reservoir’s head.
Nominal hydraulic head	Nominell fallhøyde	The hydraulic head given the upstream nominal head.
Power connection	Kraftkobling	A connection between two areas capable of trasfering electric power.
Power grid	Kraftnett	An infrastructure network for distributing electric power.
Power grid area	Kraftområde	A geographic segmentation based on power distribution and load.
Power plant	Kraftverk	An installation which produces electric power.
Power production	Kraftproduksjon	The production of electric power at a power plant.
PQ curve	PQ-kurve	Power production as a function of discharge, modelled as a piecewise linear curve.
Price area	Prisområde	A geographic segmentation based on price modeling.
Pump	Pumpe	An installation which moves water between two reservois, usually to a higher altitude, and usually consuming electric power.
Rationing	Rasjonering	The rationing of power, modelled as the sale of power in the market model.
Rationing capacity	Rasjoneringkapasitet	The maximum capacity of rationed power in the modeling of rationing.
Rationing cost	Rasjoneringpris	The cost of rationed power in the modeling of rationing.
Regulated inflow	Regulert tilsig	Inflow directly into a reservoir which is incorporated into the reservoir volume.
Relative head	Relativ kotefaktor	A ratio computed from a reservoir’s head to adjust the production of a hydro plant.
Relaxation	Relaksering	Disregard one or more constraints in the optimization problem.
Reservoir	Magasin	A body of water with a controller water volume
Solar park	Solcellepark	An installation which produces electric power from sunlight, usually using photovoltaic cells.
Spillage	Flom	Overflow of water from a reservoir at maximum capacity.
Startup cost	Startkostnad	The cost of starting power production at a power plant (e.g. a thermal power plant)
Tailrace	Utløp	A place where water flows out of a hydro plant.
Target reservoir	Siktemagasin	A reservoir with a target volume provision.
Thermal power plant	Termisk kraftverk	A power plant which produces electric power from heat energy, usually by consuming fuel. Examples are oil, gas, coal, and nuclear.
Transmission	Kraftoverføring	The transferrance of electric power from one area to another along a power connection.
Unregulated inflow	Uregulert tilsig	Inflow which cannot be incorporated into the reservoir volume, and therefore must be released directly.
Volume	Fyllingsgrad	The current volume of water in the reservoir.
Watercourse	Vassdrag	A system of reservoirs and waterways.
Waterway	Vannvei	A path between two points along which water can flow. Connects reservoirs, junctions, and the sea.
Wind park	Vindpark	An installation which produces electric power from wind current.
Price section	Prisavsnitt	A categorization of time steps
Release		The sum of all the water that passes through the hydro plant