# Glossary The following is a glossary of domain-specific terms used in Trident. Each term is listed in English along with its Norwegian translation, followed by it's definition. | Term | Norwegian term | Description | |:-----------------------|:-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Bypass | Forbitapping | The deliberate release of water from a reservoir along a path without hydro power production. | | CO² Eqivalent | CO²-ekvivalent | A proxy metric which represents the greenhouse effect impact of a fuel type. | | CO² fees | CO²-avgift | Fees applied for emissions, as measured in CO² Eqivalents. | | Concave PQ curve | Konkavisert PQ-kurve | A concave version of a power plant's PQ curve, needed for LP modeling. | | Discharge | Driftsvannføring | The release of water into a hydro plant, and subsequent downstream release. | | Energy coefficient | Energikoeffisient | A coefficient to calculate the power produced from a unit of fuel. | | Excess power | Flomkraft | Excess power modelled as the sale of excess power in the market model. | | Excess power capacity | Flomkraftkapasitet | The maximum capacity of excess power in the market model. | | Excess power cost | Flomkraftpris | The cost of excess power in the market model. | | Exchange | Utveksling | Purchase and sales of electric power in the power market. | | Fuel fees | Drivstoffavgift | Additional fees for fuel. | | Fuel prices | Drivstoffpriser | The purchase price of fuel. | | Fuel type | Drivstofftype | The type of fuel used at a thermal power plant. | | Head | Vannivå | The current elevation of the surface of the water at a reservoir. | | Hydraulic head | Fallhøyde | The relative elevation of the water at the inflow and the tailrace. | | Hydro balance | Vannbalanse | An accounting of volume, inflow and outflow used to model the physics of a watercourse. | | Hydropower plant | Vannkraftstasjon | A power plant that generates electric power from waterflow. | | Hydropower production | Vannkraftproduksjon | The production of power at a hydro plant. | | Inflow | Tilsig | Inflow into a reservoir. | | Inlet | Inntak | A place where water flows from a reservoir into a hydro plant. | | Junction | Knutepunkt | A point connecting more than two waterways. | | Load | Last | The consumption of electric power in an area. | | Load balance | Lastbalanse | An accounting of power poduction, consumption and transmission, e.g. in a power grid area. | | Load segment | Dellast | Load that is tied to a specific user group. E.g. certain industries. . | | Load type | Lasttype | A specific type in the division of the load in an area. | | Market step | Markedssteg, Preferansetrinn, utkoplbare kontrakter, spot-type kontrakter eller prisavhengige kontrakter | A discrete model prioritized segmentation in the power market in an area. In market models, one market step is satisfied before another. | | Nominal head | Nominelt vannivå | A nominal value for a reservoir's head. | | Nominal hydraulic head | Nominell fallhøyde | The hydraulic head given the upstream nominal head. | | Power connection | Kraftkobling | A connection between two areas capable of trasfering electric power. | | Power grid | Kraftnett | An infrastructure network for distributing electric power. | | Power grid area | Kraftområde | A geographic segmentation based on power distribution and load. | | Power plant | Kraftverk | An installation which produces electric power. | | Power production | Kraftproduksjon | The production of electric power at a power plant. | | PQ curve | PQ-kurve | Power production as a function of discharge, modelled as a piecewise linear curve. | | Price area | Prisområde | A geographic segmentation based on price modeling. | | Pump | Pumpe | An installation which moves water between two reservois, usually to a higher altitude, and usually consuming electric power. | | Rationing | Rasjonering | The rationing of power, modelled as the sale of power in the market model. | | Rationing capacity | Rasjoneringkapasitet | The maximum capacity of rationed power in the modeling of rationing. | | Rationing cost | Rasjoneringpris | The cost of rationed power in the modeling of rationing. | | Regulated inflow | Regulert tilsig | Inflow directly into a reservoir which is incorporated into the reservoir volume. | | Relative head | Relativ kotefaktor | A ratio computed from a reservoir's head to adjust the production of a hydro plant. | | Relaxation | Relaksering | Disregard one or more constraints in the optimization problem. | | Reservoir | Magasin | A body of water with a controller water volume | | Solar park | Solcellepark | An installation which produces electric power from sunlight, usually using photovoltaic cells. | | Spillage | Flom | Overflow of water from a reservoir at maximum capacity. | | Startup cost | Startkostnad | The cost of starting power production at a power plant (e.g. a thermal power plant) | | Tailrace | Utløp | A place where water flows out of a hydro plant. | | Target reservoir | Siktemagasin | A reservoir with a target volume provision. | | Thermal power plant | Termisk kraftverk | A power plant which produces electric power from heat energy, usually by consuming fuel. Examples are oil, gas, coal, and nuclear. | | Transmission | Kraftoverføring | The transferrance of electric power from one area to another along a power connection. | | Unregulated inflow | Uregulert tilsig | Inflow which cannot be incorporated into the reservoir volume, and therefore must be released directly. | | Volume | Fyllingsgrad | The current volume of water in the reservoir. | | Watercourse | Vassdrag | A system of reservoirs and waterways. | | Waterway | Vannvei | A path between two points along which water can flow. Connects reservoirs, junctions, and the sea. | | Wind park | Vindpark | An installation which produces electric power from wind current. | | Price section | Prisavsnitt | A categorization of time steps | | Release | | The sum of all the water that passes through the hydro plant |